Proceedings of English Linguistics and Literature

The Scaffolding Used by the 6 Grade English Teacher in Online Learning Situation

2022-09-15T10:46:22+07:00

This study aims to examine the CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) 6 Grade English teacher’s scaffolding in online learning and the problems faced by the CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) 6 Grade English teacher in online learning situation. The research questions in this research are “How is the scaffolding used by CLIL 6 Grade English teacher in online learning situation?” and “What are the problems faced by the CLIL 6 Grade English teacher in online learning situation?”. This study was done on November 18th and 25th 2021 in one of the schools in Tangerang. The data were gathered from one English teacher and 78 grade 6 students using classroom observation, document analysis and interview. The results show that there are a number of types of scaffolding found in the learning process. The teacher also implemented good learning media in the online learning process. The problems faced by the 6 Grade English teacher in online learning situation are related to the use of the learning media, the students’ engagement to the learning process, the amount of the students, and the insufficient amount of time given for the teacher in the meeting.

Translation Techniques in Translated Commercial Break Advertisement

2022-11-25T09:56:57+07:00

In this free trade era, one product can be freely exported or imported to another country. The problem is how to promote a product nonetheless is by providing its advertisement. Meanwhile, the advertisements used need to deliver messages which relevant to the people in the target country. This research aim was to describe a unique phenomenon in a translated advertisement. This research started by analyzing translated advertisements and their relation to translation techniques. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The source of data was two advertisements of Oreo in commercial break videos. One used English, and the other used Bahasa Indonesia. In addition, the video is the same. Based on the research results, several sentences were identified using more than one technique. Based on the techniques used, literal translation and borrowing techniques were used in both videos. Furthermore, the reduction was the most technique used. In conclusion, a translated advertisement tends to keep its original text to perceive its meaning. In addition, the translated version is also influenced by the sound and image of the video. For further research, it is suggested to implement transcreation and use broader or more varied data.

Language Politeness in Student and Teacher Interaction of EFL Classroom

2022-11-25T09:17:21+07:00

In this article, we discuss about language politeness, focusing in the form of verbal politeness. A language that contains elements of verbal politeness is the main purpose of this study, as well as the art and strategy of verbal politeness used by students. This type of survey is a qualitative descriptive survey. The object this study is exploring the importance of Language Politeness. From the research, there are several words as the data result of the student speeches. The data collection techniques used in this study were tapping, recording, and note-taking techniques. The data analysis techniques use the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The data trustworthiness is validated by doing memberchecking to avoid the bias of the researcher. The results found data that contained 4 kinds of principles of language politeness for teachers and students in the EFL Classroom which consisted of wisdom maxim 1 data, consensus maxim 1 data, appreciation maxim 2 data.

Using Self-reflection in Listening Skills English Proficiency for Teacher Course through Web Source

2022-11-24T15:20:48+07:00

Self-reflection has been touted as a possible path to work-based learning. However, the goal of this study is to use self-reflection to help B2 and C1 students at the CEFR level enhance their listening skills. This finding is expected to serve as a guide for educators, government officials, corporate leaders, and academics interested in promoting, creating, and implementing self-reflection learning in English listening. This research included two types of analyses. To begin, the writers look at master students in an English proficiency program's self-reflection. Second, the authors look into how people search for self-reflection learning in listening on the internet. The authors specifically employed Google Classroom and web resources to analyze real-world data from 14 students in listening B2 and C1 who completed a listening self-reflection exercise. Students still had some difficulty listening, according to the findings from the study of the identified self-reflection listening assignment. From the perspective of work-based learning, self-reflection has been identified as an important topic in talent development. Self-reflection should be encouraged, created, and implemented by policymakers, educators, researchers, and participants to assist individuals learn on the proper route through valid knowledge and ethical reasoning.

Utilizing Reflective Writing in Reading Proficiency Class

2022-11-24T15:04:22+07:00

Reflection has long been thought to be a viable technique for dealing with issues in various fields. This paper aims to investigate the difficulties in reading tasks, and the strategies used by the students shown in reflective writing in reading proficiency class. A qualitative method using narrative inquiry was used in this study. More specifically, the participants of the study consisted of 14 postgraduate students from a university in Jakarta. They were required to make reflections after they finished doing reading tasks that had different levels of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), namely B2 and C1. Four reflective writings focussing on the B1 CEFR standard from four different participants were taken purposively as they contain a complete explanation. It can be revealed that there are some difficulties in reading tasks, such as unrelated theme, identical keywords, and a lack of lexical knowledge. Besides, there are strategies used by the students, such as guessing the unfamiliar vocabulary, finding keywords, and understanding the context. From the findings, students and educators can plan better for students’ higher level of reading proficiency.

Investigation of Reflecting Reading Comprehension Strategies Through Self-Directed Learning on Higher Education Students

2022-11-24T14:51:08+07:00

This study aims to: (1) analyze students’ difficulties in CEFR B2 reading comprehension, (2) analyze strategies used by students to improve their B2 reading comprehension, and (3) to monitor the students CEFR B2 reading comprehension through self-directed learning. This study utilized a case study method which employed 6 students of the magister program of English Language Education of a university in Jakarta. The study was conducted by observing the written self-reflection weekly data report. Based on the findings, it indicates that most students have difficulties in B2 reading in terms of lack of vocabulary knowledge, finding some detailed information, finding the main idea and finding the text context. Moreover, to solve the difficulties faced, from the findings, it is also identified that the students used their own strategies. They used context clues, using keywords, more reading practice. These are considered that have been helpful in doing the B2 reading activities. The students are able to reflect on, grow, and establish their own techniques for collecting and digesting new knowledge from what they had acquired or experienced during their learning process.

The Brainstorming of Teaching Pragmatics Issues in EFLTIN

2022-11-24T14:41:12+07:00

Pragmatic competence is an important factor in determining communication success. In reallife interactions, a language learner is expected not only to use language and produce understandable or grammatically correct utterances but also to produce socio-cultural appropriate utterances. However, for students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL), pragmatic competence, which can be acquired naturally through social interaction, is quite difficult to acquire due to the limited, if not non-existent, use of English to achieve a communication goal in an authentic social interaction/setting. This study is to identify some of the challenges associated with teaching pragmatics at ELTL in Indonesia (henceforth, EFLTIN), as well as to investigate potential solutions based on the concepts and methodologies informed by previous research. A descriptive qualitative research is chosen in this study to identify and to investigate the processing data and research findings. The utilization of authentic materials, input and production activities, as well as clear feedback, are mentioned as some of the strategies to fill gaps in EFL learners' pragmatic knowledge.

EFL STUDENT’S POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN THE ANALYSIS DISCOURSE CLASSROOM

2022-11-24T09:46:47+07:00

This study aimed to explore pragmatic politeness by Brown and Levinson which was practiced by two English department students in the 6th semester in teacher college on the process presentation of discourse analysis classroom. Politeness is one of the most researched areas in contemporary pragmatics. Politeness studies which identify deeply about English students’ strategies are still limited and therefore, need to be explored further. The data collection was compiled by observation and Data recording and the data analysis technic used data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. In the opening activity, the findings showed that 2 presenters used positive politeness strategies in the form of greeting and thanking expressions. Bald on-record in the form of task-oriented, request, and alerting. The analysis showed that positive politeness strategies have the highest frequencies. Then, followed by bald on-record strategies in number 2, Negative politeness and off-record strategies did not use.

The Role of Code-Switching Implementation in Teaching Explanation Text for Secondary School

2022-11-24T09:36:02+07:00

This research aim of this study is to explore the implementation of code-switching in explanation text in TEFL classrooms of secondary school. This research was conducted at a teacher college, and the candidate of an English teacher is the research subject. In this study, the researcher explores the different types, processes, and factors that led to the occurrence of teacher code-switching in an English classroom. English teacher candidate at teacher college. This research uses qualitative research. The instruments used are observation and interview. The researcher observed classroom interactions where various topics are being taught. Listening, speaking, reading, and writing is the four skills. The subject is interviewed to find out why they are saying and what they are saying. An interview with the subject is conducted to determine why they are using code-switching in teaching English. The data is analyzed using code-switching theory. According to the findings, the teaching used three types of code-switching in the teaching: intra-sentential switching, inter-sentential switching, and tag switching. In the sentence, there is code-switching in the processing time from English to Bahasa Indonesia and vice versa. Code-switching is triggered by a number of factors, including the teacher's education, experience, attitude, and translation method. While the external factor that caused code-switching is the students' English proficiency. The research findings presented in the study will show the voice of English teachers in describing explanation text using code-switching, and analyzing the implementation and usage of code-switching in EFL classrooms.

Students’ Perceptions of Technological Tools Used by Teachers in Teaching English during Pandemic Time

2022-11-24T09:12:07+07:00

Technological tools were needed to support the online learning in the pandemic time. With so many applications and teaching platforms available, teachers can have certain preferences over them. Similarly, students may prefer a particular teaching platform or technological tool for their learning. Therefore the writers were interested to analyze high school students' perceptions on the use of technological tools by the teachers and how the technological tools help them understand the material. The writers did a qualitative study and used an interview to collect the data. The interview was conducted online with nine students of grade XI of SMKN 4 Pekalongan. The study found that the majority of students held positive perceptions towards their teachers’ use of technological tools. The students felt the use of technological tools was fun and made the learning more effective as the materials were more understandable. It also helped the students access the material at any time. In general, it can be concluded that the students showed a good response on the technological tools used by English teachers. This finding also suggests that the technology has been a great support in the students’ learning during the pandemic time.

University Students’ Perspectives in Using Google Classroom for Learning during Covid-19

2022-11-24T09:01:15+07:00

During covid-19 pandemic, online learning has been implemented in various educational institutions. One of the most popular applications used for learning is google classroom. As not many students used this application before, the writers were interested to find out students’ perspectives related to the use of google classroom during the covid-19 pandemic. The writers did a descriptive qualitative research by involving the students from English Language Education Department at Pekalongan University. Interviews were used to collect the data. The research found that most students had positive perspectives about the use of Google classroom. The students acknowledged that the use of Google Classroom eased the learning as well as the submission of assignments. They accepted that Google classroom was easily accessed and with that platform they can also download the materials easily. However, students also perceived some issues within the use of Google Classroom such as the issue with the notification, the display, low control from the teacher, as well as the signal and quota. This suggests that Google classroom brings many advantages for the learning during the pandemic time but sometimes it presents some issues which need to be tackled so that the learning can run effectively.

The Impact of Self-Directed Learning on Students' English Reading Comprehension Ability

2022-11-24T08:48:36+07:00

Self-directed learning (SDL) refers to practice in the classroom for individual students' English reading comprehension skills over the course of two meetings in this study. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of SDL on English reading comprehension ability and its size, as well as how SDL enhances English reading comprehension ability of 30 students from one of Jakarta's education institutions. An embedded mixed methods design with an embedded experimental model version is used in this work. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) part gave quantitative data, and the Learning Summary and Evaluation Sheets, as well as instructor reflection, yielded qualitative data. The dependent samples t-test reveals that, on average, the English reading comprehension ability of the subject students before the SDL (M = 12.30, SD = 2.76), and that after the SDL project (M = 13.33, SD = 3.30) is significantly different (p = 0.01). This means that, on average, the English reading comprehension ability of the students in the post-test significantly increases from the pretest. The effect size is 0.34, which means that its magnitude is “medium”. SDL improves reading ability in terms of “increasing awareness of reading strategy use” (53%), “developing learning responsibility and effort” (20%), “providing freedom to learn” (20%), and “building self-confidence to read” (7%). Implications and applications are discussed, and recommendations are provided.

Enhancing Reading Comprehension for Magister Degree Students Through Self-Reflection

2022-09-15T10:33:46+07:00

Self-reflection has been hailed as a potential avenue into work-based learning. However, the purpose of this research is to use self-reflection to improve the reading skills of B2 and C1 students at the CEFR level. This finding is expected to be a reference for the education sector, government, business, and academia in promoting, designing, and implementing self-reflection learning in English reading. Two sets of analyses were performed in this study. To begin, the authors examine the self-reflection of master students enrolled in an English proficiency program. Second, the authors examine the Internet search for selfreflection learning in reading. More specifically, the authors used Google Classroom and web resources to analyse real-world data from a reading self-reflection task of 14 students in reading B2 and C1. Based on the findings from the examination of the identified selfreflection reading task, students still had some difficulties in understanding the context of the reading. Self-reflection has been identified as a key topic in talent development from the point of view of work-based learning. Policymakers, educators, researchers, and participants should investigate ways to encourage, create, and implement microlearning to help individuals learn on the right track through valid knowledge and ethical thinking.

Exploring Students’ Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in Indonesian EFL Classroom

2022-09-15T10:09:33+07:00

When the goal of English language teaching is categorized as for communication purposes, then it is essential to investigate students’ willingness to communicate (WTC). This research aimed to find out the students’ WTC in the EFL classroom. The researchers conducted descriptive research to compile the findings. The subjects were sixth-semester English Education students at Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was applied to gather data from a sample of 25 students. A questionnaire was used as a research instrument, which consisted of 27 question items, all related to the student's willingness to participate in communication inside the classroom. This research found that the students' WTC were classified into four categories: (1) definitely not willing, (2) probably not willing, (3) probably willing, and (4) definitely willing. Those scales operationalized WTC in four basic skill areas: speaking, reading, writing, and comprehension. It is found that most of the students were in the category of "probably willing" to "definitely willing" to show their WTC in the EFL classroom, which means that they mostly have positive communication behaviors and meet language learning targets. In addition, by measuring and promoting the WTC model in the EFL context, it is possible to better understand how students communicate and learn the language in realworld settings, predict what they will do when they communicate, and enhance how students use language in an EFL context.

Rethinking of international exchange and intercultural learning into Indonesian pre‐service teachers in the pandemic recovery: A narrative inquiry

2022-09-15T09:53:09+07:00

One of teacher education goals is to produce interculturally competent educators; teach students in multicultural classrooms and prepare them in an increasingly globalized world. In response to this critical need in teacher preparation, international exchange attempts at developing those competencies. It is in accordance with Walters and Walters' (2009) principle, "Learning globally, teaching locally,". Despite the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly restricted international student mobility over the past two years, many elements of life as it was before the pandemic are now returning. Certain pandemic rules remain in place, but students are now willing to travel abroad. Thus, this study explored the incorporation of international exchange and intercultural learning into seven Indonesian pre‐service teachers who mobilized in the Czech Republic. The data collected in this study were, questionnaires, participant diaries, and semi-structured interviews. The instruments were distributed during and after the program. This study utilized narrative analysis to comprehend the participants' stories. The results showed that through direct interaction with international communities, the participants become more culturally responsive human beings and in particular, as future educators. Future studies need to examine a longitudinal study on how the international experience shapes the participants' careers and ability to develop global consciousness in both objective and subjective metrics.

STUDENTS’ VIEWS ON LITERATURE-BASED LEARNING MODEL IN OPTIMIZING ENGLISH SKILLS

2022-09-15T09:40:29+07:00

The use of literature in language learning effectively improves students' language skills. It is because literature consists of various works such as prose, drama, and poetry that can be used as a source of extensive reading material. Therefore, using literary works for learning model trains students’ receptive skills (reading) and their productive skills (speaking). This research aims to investigate students’ views on the use of literature in English learning activities. The participants of this research are 6th semester students of the English language education department at Sekolah Keguruan Ilmu Pendidikan (SKIP) Yayasan Pendidikan Ujung Pandang (YPUP), with a total of 17 participants. To answer the research questions, the researchers used an exploratory case study, which employs qualitative research methods to collect data. The researchers utilized a research instrument called the self-assessment survey. Based on the results of students’ views on literature-based learning model, it shows that using literature in English learning is effective for language skills development. Moreover, the use of literature also provides cultural understanding, which makes students tolerate and respect the diverse cultures of others.

Reading Albom's Tuesday with Morrie' to Enhance Students' Pedagogical Values in Literature Class for EFL Teacher Candidate

2022-09-07T10:50:08+07:00

Enhanching pedagogical values for EFL teacher candidates is essential as this aggrandizement is aimed to support the students in teaching, educating and improving their professionalism. Moreover, because pedagogical values are values in social actions and interaction to strenghten both teachers and satudents relation in some different settings, it is a must to find means in exploring the values. One of them is a novel written by Mitch Albom entitled Tuesday with Morries. The novel is the main text in Literature Class for EFL teachers candidate. Hence, this research is aimed to describe the literature teaching process and to explore deeper the pedagogical values and teachers’ code ethics in this novel through close reading. Finally, the result; the cycle teaching in literature class, find the worldview, belief, and perspectives about teaching and learning in educational practices are found and used as tool to spread up values. Next, some practical pedagogy of Morrie Schwart as Mitch’s coach/lecturer were closely disscus. In addition, there were also precious values of life found from this novel.

EPISTEMOLOGICAL TRENDS IN ENGLISH EDUCATION RESEARCH: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF UNDERGRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE THESES

2022-09-06T11:32:28+07:00

Research in English Language Education has developed over the past decades along with the rapid growth of English Language Teaching and Learning due to technological innovation and globalization. One of the essential elements of a research is its methodology. Research methodology represents the epistemological aspects, the nature of the research, and the objects being explored in it. Hence, a study focusing on the use of research methods is worth discussing further. In an attempt to discover the trends in English Language Education research, particularly in its epistemological aspect, this study reviews 150 research consisting of undergraduate and postgraduate theses in the three-year period of 2019 to 2021. Using content analysis, this study found the trends through the highest frequency identified in the data collection and the findings were also interpreted and added with meanings. By investigating a series of current research on English Language Education theses, the results are expected to contribute to the knowledge of English Language Education research for students, teachers, and academicians.

Slang Words Used by Millennials in Pekalongan

2022-08-31T20:56:57+07:00

One of the phenomena in millennial era is a slang language. It is not based on the standard language, but it is used as a daily language among the particular community. This article aims to find the slang language used by the millinneals in Pekalongan, describe the structure of words and interpret its meaning. The method used in this study was descriptive quality. The object was the millennials living in Pekalongan. The instrument in this article was a questionnaire. The step in technique of analyzing the data was to record the information that had been obtained, spread the structure of the slang language and interpret the meaning. The researcher found that the form of word formation process used in slang word by millenials were blend, acronym, loan words, clipping, and extreme internal change. Based on the analysis, the word blend is coming from the combination of all Indonesian word. All of the acronyms found were from English sentences or phrases. The loan words were borrowing from Javanese and English, but most of the loan words were borrowed from English. The meaning of slang words could be interpreted from the conceptual meaning of the elements that made up the words itself.

Presupposition in Raya and the Last Dragon Disney animation movie (2021): A pragmatic analysis

2022-08-31T20:21:36+07:00

Presupposition is one of phenomena in pragmatics. Before expressing their thoughts, the speakers have an assumption in their mind. This pragmatic study set out to scrutinize the kinds of presupposition in Raya and the Last Dragon movie as well as to interpret the meaning of the presupposition. Under the umbrella of descriptive qualitative method, the data were originated from Raya and the Last Dragon’s character utterances and were analyzed referring to Yule’s framework on presupposition type (1996) and language context (2006). The findings revealed that the 104 data met all six types of presupposition i.e., existential presupposition (35%), lexical presupposition (20%), factive presupposition (19%), structural presupposition (18%), counterfactual presupposition (7%) and non-factive presupposition (1%). In addition, the result indicated the use of presupposition in cinematic field presenting major descriptions for the existence of objects related to the show. Moreover, meaning of the presuppositions could be interpreted by considering the context. This study contributes to the discussion of language and its intended meaning utilized in cinematic interaction.

Feminism in Harry Bradbeer’s Movie 'Enola Holmes'

2022-08-31T20:04:53+07:00

From ancient times to the present, women have been subjected to a great deal of discrimination. Discrimination against women is predominant in the movie Enola Holmes. This statement attracts attention since women are frequently perceived as weak and devalued because women rely on males and are rarely free to do. Through the movie Enola Holmes, which is backed by feminist theory (Collins, 2000), this study intends to explore information about the varieties of feminism that occur in the movie. This study applies a qualitative descriptive method, which is commonly used to investigate social problems of phenomena. The data is taken from several pictures, dialogues, and monologues from the Enola Holmes movie and then analysis done contextually and theoretically. The researchers found that liberal feminism was the most prevalent, it shows oppressed women in any situation. In contrast, Radical Feminism is a minor one, social actions are related to a social system that place men as the primary power holders and dominates in various roles. Postmodern feminism and Critical Race Feminism data are not found in the movie, because those kinds of feminism did not appear in the 19th century.

MAYA ANGELOU'S HABITUS IN AFRO-AMERICAN SOCIETY ON THE NOVEL 'I KNOW WHY THE CAGED BIRD SINGS'

2022-08-31T06:08:40+07:00

I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is an autobiography novel about life of Maya Angelou, a well-known African American writer, poet, to the activist of civil rights who has experienced various problems such as bullying and sexual harassment. This work created by Maya herself that talks about her struggle, thoughts and habits brought her to the successful in American Society. This study is type of descriptive qualitative with aims to analyze and identify Maya’s Habitus using the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu. The findings and discussion showed that there were several habitus that Maya did to make her become one of the great writers of the United States. The habitus is meticulous, diligent, courageous, intelligent, and love reading and writing. Those Habitus motivated by several things including racist treatment that encourages Maya become a brave figure against it. Habitus diligently worked due to the Maya’s condition who came from family with low economic capital and her parent who get divorced. Habitus like reading and writing caused by psychological trauma faced after Maya getting sexually abused and experiencing rape. All the bad things that Maya faced then turned out to be good things after she successfully used her thoughts, tastes and habitus.

Analysis of Ecocriticism and Feminism of '7 Manusia Harimau' Novel by Motinggo Busye

2022-08-31T06:24:08+07:00

The objective of this study was to find out about ecocriticism and feminism in 7 Manusia Harimau Nove. In this study, the researcher used qualitative research and focuses on descriptive analysis data. The data source for this research the researcher used novel. The result of this research showed that Ecocriticism in this research likes describing the setting of the place, traditional transportation (bicycle), describing beautiful screen in Kumayan village, describing one of direction, natural phenomena such as overflowing water, animal ecosystem, interactions between humans and animals, how to live in the jungle Meanwhile, the feminism that the researcher encounters in the novel 7 Manusia Harimau likes Pita Loka's struggles and journeys in learning such as Pita Loka have a stubborn character, dare to fight against stealth, have a strong determination and can face tests such as taking medicine in which Pitaloka is disturbed by creatures such as animals and creatures that transform into Gumara. In addition, Pita Loka also has a strategy in dealing with enemies, Pita Loka wants to teach or share her knowledge.

Exploring Power and Identity in Liminal Spaces in Kapka Kassabova’s 'Border: A Journey to The Edge of Europe'

2022-08-31T19:09:34+07:00

Travel writing has a long history dating back to early modern European colonial era in the 16^th century. However, in the 21^st century the role of travel writing is redefined and reconceptualized as the world becomes more globalized and connected. This paper attempts to investigate further the potential of travel writing to represent social, historical, and political issues. Using textual analysis, the research focuses on the discourses of power and identity as depicted in Kapka Kassabova’s Border: A Journey to The Edge of Europe (2017). The portrayal of border zones as liminal spaces is also discussed in this paper. The analysis shows that liminal spaces can be interpreted as the sites where power and identity are constantly challenged and negotiated. It reveals that liminal spaces are hardly neutral but contain ideological conflicts. It is expected that the result of the study will contribute a new perspective to the discussion of contemporary travel writing, especially in the post-pandemic era.