The Proceedings of English Language Teaching, Literature, and Translation (ELTLT)

Mitigating planetary catastrophes with a call for ecological wisdom through contemporary American poems

Henrikus Joko Yulianto — 2023-12-12

In today’s digital technology era, humans orientate toward material fulfillment. This manner often neglects his care about nonhuman organisms and the natural environment in general. The impacts are that nowadays temperature is getting higher and biodiversity is dwindling or disappearing due to the rising temperature and deforested lands. Global warming is the ongoing climatic phenomenon that is now prevalent on earth today along with the surging digitalization in daily social and cultural life. Humans need to retreat and think it over in order to prevent the condition from deteriorating and from further catastrophes. Poetry as one literary genre might be one outlet for humans to think about what it means to be humans in this one and only earth household. Contemporary American poems are the epitome of raising present issues about anthropocentrism and its impacts on the degradation of the physical environment. This brief paper discusses some American contemporary poems of Denise Levertov, Susan Stewart, and Robinson Jeffers. Levertov’s poem “Brother Ivy”; Stewart’s long poem “The Rose”; and Jeffers’s poem, “Life from the Lifeless” are the epitome of poetic works that aim to humanize and anthropomorphize nonhuman things and organisms such as forest, rock, and plant. These are the actions humans should do to preserve the biotic life from demolition because of various anthropogenic activities. Reading and understanding ecological views in these poems as a poetic discourse helps ones to ecologize their thoughts and action to sustain the planetary robustness.

The struggle to accept unique gender identity in the life of an intersex person in "None of the Above" by I.W. Gregorio

Ratna Asmarani — 2023-12-12

Considering that the issue of sex and gender is getting more and more complicated, the aim of this paper is to deal with the struggle to accept unique gender identity faced by a young female main character with intersex condition as depicted in the novel entitled None of the Above (2015) written by I.W. Gregorio. To support the analysis certain concepts are borrowed. Based on the complicated and nonlinear relation between sex and gender as detected by Butler, the focus is on the notion of intersex condition, the medical awareness of intersex condition, the meaning of intersex condition, the proposed medical solution for intersex person, and a specific intersex condition called AIS. The research methods used to support the analysis are a combination of library research method, qualitative research method, and contextual research method in the research frame of feminist literary criticism. The results shows that even in the modern world, a person with intersex condition is still considered as a freak who has to struggle painfully, bitterly, and traumatically to understand, overcome, and finally accept her condition. Understanding and support from medical circle, family and close relative, and some open-minded people, help the young intersex female gain her life back as a female whatever her chromosome is.

Urging for crisis management paradigm: Deictic expression in Retno Marsudi’s speech at UNGA

Wahyu Puji Lestari — 2023-12-12

This paper aims to identify the types of deixis and their implications employed by Retno Marsudi’s speech about a new paradigm for the current world crisis during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2022. The researchers employed qualitative descriptive methods to answer the aims of the study. The steps conducted were finding and downloading the video of speech delivered by Retno Marsudi at the UNGA in September 2022 on YouTube, transcribing the speech delivered in the video, collecting the deictic expressions present in the speech transcription, classifying the categories of deictic expressions, and lastly interpreting the purpose of the deixis use according to the content of the speech. The findings indicate that the most used deixis in Retno Marsudi’s speech is Time deixis with 67 occurrences, followed by Person deixis with 55 occurrences, Discourse deixis with 22 occurrences, Social deixis with 5 occurrences, and Place deixis with 1 occurrence. The findings show different outcome with the previous studies concerned with speeches or lectures. It can be implied that Marsudi mostly employed Time deixis because she wanted to emphasize the urgency of her proposed solutions to overcome the world crisis. Furthermore, she wanted to take the audience into thinking about past events as lessons, the current situation as facts happening today worldwide, and the future positive possibilities if Indonesia’s proposed paradigm could be implemented. Hopefully, this paper could help readers to understand the use and implications of deictic expressions found in Marsudi’s speech related to the context.

Does Cooperative Script affect the students' reading comprehension?

Merisa Wahyuningtias — 2023-12-12

This study is intended to find out the effect of using Cooperative Script technique on the students' reading comprehension of the first grade at SMA Negeri 4 Kediri. The research approach used in this study was quantitative with a pre-experimental technique. Technique of collecting data used was pre-test, treatment, post-test. Pre-test which instrument to know the reading comprehension of the students before being taught by Cooperative Script techniques was implemented before treatment which consists of several steps, while post-test was applied after treatment. The participants were 34 students. Data analysis used was T-test counted with SPSS version 23. The result showed that the score of post-test was higher than pre-test with mean score of pre-test was 58.82 and mean score of the post-test was 81.18. Thus, it can be said that Cooperative Script had significant effect on the students' reading comprehension of the first grade at SMAN 4 Kediri.

Promoting brainstorming technique in teaching writing

Pramesti Wahyu Fandini — 2023-12-12

Writing is one of skills to express ideas, feelings, and thoughts in the form of words to create sentences by paying attention to several punctuation. Brainstorming technique plays a significant part not only in the writing process of idea generation but also in fostering students' creativity, especially in producing descriptive texts. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of brainstorming techniques on the students’ writing skill of the tenth grade at SMA Negeri 7 Kediri. The method used in this study was quantitative method with pre-experimental design by using pretest and post-test. The population of this study was the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 7 Kediri and the sample was taken from class X- ECP 2 consisting of 32 students. The technique of collecting data used was pretest, treatment, post-test and it will be analyzed by using t-test through SPSS version 23. The results of this present study showed that Brainstorming technique had significant impact on the students’ writing skill of the tenth grade at SMAN 7 Kediri. It can be seen that pretest was higher than post-test with the mean value of pretest was 61.47 and the mean value of post-test was 83.06. The standard deviation of pretest was 13.320 while standard deviation of post-test was 6.101. Finally, this research will be useful in the teaching writing. The research can be useful to the teachers, students and the readers.

Assessing writing of descriptive text using portfolio assessment plan as formative assessment

Dyah Mustikareni — 2023-12-12

Descriptive text is one of the genres which is included in the English Curriculum for the Tenth Graders of Senior High schools in Indonesia. The identification of the descriptive text is usually the main idea of the paragraph or called a general statement, and the description of the descriptive text is about the explanation of the general statement or main idea or supporting details to the general statement. Portfolio Assessment Plan (PAP) is one of formative assessment that becomes an alternative tool for assessing in English language teaching classrooms, including writing skills. The portfolio procedures comprise the collection, selection, self-assessment, reflection, and delayed evaluation and are embedded within multiple feedback sources. Possible challenges come up in implementing this PAP, such as the students could run of time before they finish the work, searching the information from Google could distract students, and similar writing could happen between students. To address the possible challenges above, there are some solutions. First, teachers have to notice the ‘insufficient learner engagement. Second, reminding them to use their time wisely by searching the useful information only is needed. Third, it needs the teachers’ management when find there is the same topic used by the students.

Representation of self and other in "Arabian Sands" by Wilfred Thesiger: A study of travel literature

Jasmina Hanan Shabira — 2023-12-12

Arabian Sands tells of a man from England who was born in Ethiopia and then explored the Arabian Desert called Rub Al Khali. This book is a travel writing based on the author's experience. In the book, the writer's sense of superiority and great respect for the Beduin, tribe who has long occupied Rub Al Khali is described. When viewed from the study of travel literature, this matter can be said to self and other representations. Therefore, this article will look at how the author describes self and others in the context of travel literature. The material object in this study is the book, Arabian Sands, while the formal object of this research is the representation of self and others in the perspective of Carl Thompson's travel writing. This research uses a descriptive-analytic research method. The results of the analysis of this novel show that there is a distance between the self and others that the author raises. In other words, even though the writer describes others positively, indirectly the writer has also described his position as self which is different from the place, culture, and people he meets in his travels. Apart from that, the writer also positions himself as other than his culture as Western because of the adaptations made to the eastern regions he visited. Thus, this novel shows the existence of dualism in representing self and other.

Students’ strategies in learning English autonomy: Narrative inquiry

Laksana Tri Prasetya — 2023-12-12

This study aims to investigate the students’ strategies in learning English autonomy. In this study, the students are majoring at non-English study program and they are graduated from the same standard senior high schools (not international school). However, based on the result of writer’s interview in English, there is only one or two of the students in one generation at STAI Darul Ulum Kandangan that their speaking competencies are regarded as higher than average students in their level. They could speak English very fluently with good pronunciation and could choose the correct dictions for their speaking. This study is qualitative research in the form of narrative inquiry. This study uses students’ life story as the source of data. In gaining the data, the writer uses semi-structured interview for the main source of data and questionnaire as the secondary data. The writer interviews two students of STAI Darul Ulum Kandangan who have those level of English. This study shows that the students have their own strategies in learning English autonomy outside of the classroom such as using pictures, social media, YouTube’s subtitles in learning English and so on. Therefore, the main strategies that they used are compensatory strategies. could be used by the teachers or lecturers to develop the students’ competencies in English especially in speaking and the teachers or lecturers could promote these strategies to the students who want to have good speaking English.

Savage coping: Exploring deviant acts as an outlet for relieving instinctive force in Eka Kurniawan's Man Tiger

Rizki Arganingsih — 2023-12-12

This study aims to explain the ways in which the main character's attachment to the white tiger figure can impact his personality and to describe the coping strategies that the main character employs in response to the white tiger attachment. The result of this research indicates that the main character, Margio, is depicted having deviant personalities after he believes that he possesses a white tiger inside his body. Margio’s belief in the attachment of the white tiger then led him to have deviant actions. Margio’s belief of white tiger figure can be explained by the cause of suggestion from the elders and childhood trauma he experienced from his abusive father. Margio’s deviant personalities also can be explained with coping strategies perspective. In the story, Margio portrays some coping strategies to cope with his problems. They are fantasy, denial, suppression, repression, and displacement. In conducting this study, I use psychological approaches by Sigmund Freud and coping strategies perspective. The novel Man Tiger by Eka Kurniawan is used as the primary data of this study and which was then analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods to achieve the purpose of the study. Based on the study's findings, it can be concluded that Margio, the main character of Kurniawan’s novel Man Tiger is depicted having deviant personalities. Margio’s deviant personality is caused by his belief of possessing an attachment with the white tiger figure inside his body. Moreover, Margio’s deviant personalities are also caused by the suggestion he received when he was child and his childhood trauma. In addition, the deviant actions also can be seen from coping strategies which are fantasy, denial, suppression, repression, and displacement.

The working-class struggle against capitalist oppression in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger

Aprilia Trianingtyas — 2023-12-12

In a capitalist society, there are two classes based on ownership of the means of production: the working class and the capitalist class. However, the emergence of this stratification sometimes leads to large disparities and differences in interests between classes that lead to oppression by the upper class and resistance from the lower class. Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger depicts class struggle as a form of lower-class resistance to upper-class oppression in India. The purpose of this study is to identify the forms of oppression of the capitalist class and explain how the working class conducts class struggle against the oppression. The method used is a qualitative study and analyzed using Marxist theory by Karl Marx. The White Tiger indicates that oppression occurs because of the capitalist class' desire to maintain its power and status quo. The working class are depicted as the party that is always disadvantaged. Eventually, this triggers resistance in the form of class struggle by the working class. Adiga seems to convey that the power and injustice of the capitalist class is a cause for resistance because it tends to harm the working class.

The application of Google Classroom on teaching writing in post Covid-pandemic era

Destiyana Destiyana — 2023-12-12

The existence of Google Classroom as an instructional medium is a new thing in the education sector, which is expected to make the learning and teaching process easier, especially in teaching writing. This study investigated the application of google classroom in Teaching Writing in one of Senior High School in Indonesia in post-pandemic era. The research objectives were intended to describe the implementation of google classroom in teaching writing for Senior High School students after Covid-19 pandemic, to identify the teacher and students’ roles in google classroom, to describe strengths and weaknesses of the implementation of google classroom. The design of the research was descriptive qualitative. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. The research findings showed that the methods used by the teacher were planning, drafting, and editing. Moreover, the roles of teachers were as controller, observer, organizer, explainer and evaluator, while students’ roles are as processor, performer, and listener. The strengths of the implementation of google classroom in teaching writing for Senior High School students after Covid-19 pandemic era because of its practicality, feature, and simplicity. On the other hand, its weaknesses were low internet connection, difficulties in features of google classroom, and difficulties in evaluation. This study suggested that Google Classroom is a relatively new technology in Indonesia, and there is not much research into its applications in language teaching and learning. This research, therefore, lays a foundation for further investigations into this field. To start with, the implementation of Google Classroom is perfectly feasible. Secondly, technology just plays a supportive part, and teachers should be responsive to students’ activities. The most favourable feature of Google Classroom among students is the use of Google Docs for writing assignments, giving and receiving comments and feedbacks.

Teaching English at primary school under Merdeka curriculum: Students' voices

Irfan Fajrul Falah — 2023-12-12

The transformation of the education curriculum is inevitable since the quality of teaching and learning should be improved. In Indonesia for instance, it has experienced more than 10 changes since the independence up to now where the Merdeka curriculum is implemented. As a part of the curriculum, the status of English at the primary level remains the same. It is an elective subject that can be taught based on school readiness which is no different compared to the previous curriculum (K-13 Curriculum). However, given the new look of the curriculum that emphasizes students' interest and needs in learning, it is worth identifying how students at primary schools perceive learning. In addition, the students' voices particularly in teaching English have not been given priority. The participants of the study were 147 primary school students (N-147, 80 males and 67 females) who learn English in the first and fourth grades. In this study, the researchers used several techniques for collecting data including a questionnaire that cover four aspects; students’ interests; methods; media, and students’ comprehension activities. In addition, the researchers use also focus group discussions that were held on the site. The results show that several issues are still there to be solved sooner rather than later. Therefore, the quality of teaching English at the primary level could be better in the future.

Revolutionising higher education: A theoretical discourse on the C-L-E-A-R approach for AI integration

FX. Risang Baskara — 2023-12-12

Academic discourse increasingly highlights the growing role of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in higher education. This research paper provides an in-depth theoretical analysis of an innovative methodology, termed the C-L-E-A-R approach, that advocates for a responsible, pedagogically grounded strategy for integrating AI tools into teaching and learning processes. While acknowledging AI's potential to transform education, substantial literature predominantly revolves around practical applications, leaving the theoretical analysis a less-trodden avenue. Thus, this research seeks to fill the gap, applying the lenses of five educational theories: Technological Determinism, Engaged Learning Theory, Constructivist Theory, Authentic Assessment Theory, and Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) theory, to each phase of the C-L-E-A-R approach, respectively. Significant challenges arise with AI integration, such as issues concerning academic integrity, pedagogical adaptations, and the need for a comprehensive understanding of AI functionalities and limitations. This paper probes these pertinent issues, concurrently exploring the ethical implications of AI usage. Utilising rigorous theoretical exploration, this work offers profound insights into the transformative potential of AI in education, contributing a fresh perspective to the existing body of knowledge. The research unfolds significant implications for higher education stakeholders, underscoring the pivotal role of AI integration and the necessity of adopting comprehensive, theoretically informed approaches for an effective transformation.

English lecturers’ perception in teaching English with public speaking skill

Sisilia Endah Lestari — 2023-12-12

An English lecturer is an education professional who serves as a role model for language learners, instilling a sense of proficiency and inspiration within the students. A compelling role model is required to effectively deliver materials with public speaking skills. Therefore, a set of qualifications and expertise that inspire confidence and trust among the students is necessary for the English lecturer. Despite being aware of the essential role of public speaking in language teaching, English teachers may exhibit apathy towards its incorporation into their classroom practices. This study aims to explore the English lecturers’ experience and perception toward teaching English with public speaking skill in university level. This study’s subjects were five English lecturers from Yogyakarta and Bangka Belitung. The English lecturers were asked to state their opinion about their perception of the importance of public speaking to be employed in their teaching process, how it influenced the students’ engagement during the class, and other successful teaching factor to build the students’ interest. This study applied a qualitative descriptive approach by using semi-structured interview with the five English lecturers as an instrument to collect data. The writer analysis results indicated that the English lecturers had positive perceptions towards public speaking skill in teaching English. Meanwhile, several other essential aspects that contribute significantly to a well-rounded language education could be applied such as lecturers’ language proficiency, interpersonal skills, lesson planning and organization. Two previous studies, conducted by Afriani & Silvia (2020) and Supraptiningsih & Ahmad (2020), respectively, diverged from addressing the topic of public speaking skills in their exploration of lecturers' perceptions and professional development. Public speaking abilities were notably absent from their investigations.Main finding of this study is the English lecturers have positive perception and belief that their public speaking skills support their teaching techniques. For further studies, more elaboration of public speaking techniques would enrich the English lecturers’ knowledge in teaching with skills of effective speaking.

A conceptual framework on learner’s attitude toward using AI chatbot based on TAM Model in English classroom

Pham My Linh — 2023-12-12

This paper presents a conceptual framework for investigating students' attitudes toward the use of an AI chatbot in an English classroom. It integrates the foundational constructs of the TAM model, such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward use, and behavioral intention to use, within the context of an AI chatbot application used in an English classroom. The framework hypothesizes that students' perceptions of the AI chatbot's usefulness and usability will significantly impact their attitudes toward its incorporation into the English classroom. To validate the framework, empirical data will be collected using surveys and interviews with English language learners from various educational institutions in future studies. The findings can inform the development of strategies and interventions designed to promote positive attitudes and acceptance of AI technology in language education.

Exploring textual meaning-making in Indonesian EFL learners’ writing: A systemic functional perspective

Faza Lutfiyana — 2023-12-12

Drawing on the framework of theme systems in systemic functional linguistics, this study aimed to explore the students writing in textual meaning-making. The explanation text was the genre of the sample. The students wrote about different topics. Then, the researcher focused on content, organization, vocabulary, and grammar. The data were collected from 3 secondary students’ writing tasks in Temanggung, central Java. Functional text analysis was used to analyze the data including, the Ideational, interpersonal, and textual themes system. The results represent that the students exaggerate the use of certain types of theme systems. for example, in the case of the topical theme. The analysis accounted that several students use this way but ignore the others. Most nominal groups appear in the clause and have fewer modalities. The textual theme is dominant in this paper and ideational (for instancehe use of conjunctive and continuative) is median, and the Interpersonal theme (modality) is the lowest. In summary, introducing the modality systematically and providing more contexts for learners to practice it is highly recommended in such a context.

Translation techniques of swear words in "After We Collided by Roger Kumbler

Intan Adelia Rhmah Wati — 2023-12-12

This research aims to find out the types of swear words, translation techniques, and the changes in meaning in the After We Collided movie. A descriptive-qualitative approach is used in this research. Based on the findings and discussion, there were 50 data on swear words and translation techniques. Shift in meaning, as many as 16 data had found. There are 4 types of swear words: abusive (42%), cathartic (30%), idiomatic (24%), and emphatic (4%). There are 6 translation techniques used: adaptation (60%), amplification (4%), reduction (20%), modulation (2%), established equivalence (6%), and literal translation (8%). Shift in the meaning of eufimia as many as 12 data are found in 4 translation techniques: reduction, adaptation, modulation, and amplification. Loss of information as many as 4 data found in reduction techniques. The reason why abusive swearing becomes the most frequently found data is because it shows the use of language intended to harass, intimidate, and humiliate the interlocutor. The adaptation technique is the most used because swear words are translated with equivalents that are often used in Indonesian culture. Eufimia found in this data because swear words in the target language become more refined. Loss of information occurs when words in the source language are not translated into the target language.

Green philosophies and messages in contemporary Indonesian short stories

David Rawson — 2023-12-12

Economic development and environmental stories are rarely out of the press including the Indonesia press and provide warnings of mankind’s growing demands and impact on the environment. In Indonesia, media publications report on a wide range of economic development activities expected to generate higher economic growth and greater prosperity. Less prominence is given to the negative impacts of economic development on the environment and people. In Indonesian newspapers, there are also short stories which explore this economic and environmental relationship. Literary works can challenge the mainstream perception of this relationship which focuses on the economic. In these works, we see the political and economic relationships between groups and their different relationships with the environments. Differences which can lead to conflict, inequality, and poor environmental outcomes. Literary works, in this paper, short stories, not only present these complex relationships in interesting and novel ways but also contain a philosophy about these relationships. This paper takes a sample of twelve short stories published over the period 1970 to 2022 to examine this relationship. It draws upon the theory of narratology (Bal 2017) to analyse points of view (‘focalisations’), Gramsci’s (1999) concept of philosophy, and de Geus’s (1999) concept of green philosophy and literature. This paper finds the dominant group’s type of economic development-environmental relationship is characterised by a commodification of the subaltern and the environment. The subaltern in contrast seek to conserve traditional ways and their relationship with the environment. Elements of a green philosophy are grounded in traditional beliefs of respect for nature with a message of creating awareness of the disempowerment of the subaltern.