DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICS TEACHING MATERIALS WITH CULTURAL ETHNOSCIENCE IN INDONESIA AND THAILAND TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' LITERACY, NUMERATION AND LOVE OF THE HOMELAND

Abstract

The main aim of this research is to develop teaching materials that contain cultural ethnoscience based on understanding by design to improve literacy, numeracy and the character of love for one's country. The specific objectives of the research: (1) describe the characteristics of the developed teaching materials, (2) test the validity of the developed teaching materials, (3) test the readability level of the developed teaching materials. This research and development (R&D) uses the 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). The stage begins with needs analysis and problem identification; designing prototypes of teaching materials that contain cultural ethnoscience based on understanding by design; developing, validating, testing and assembling products; ends with disseminating the product. The pilot product for teaching materials that contains cultural ethnoscience based on understanding by design developed in this research is Sound Waves. The data collection instrument is a validation sheet for teaching materials; gap test to test readability; literacy & numeracy test, love of homeland culture scale to test the effectiveness of teaching materials; and a Likert scale to determine the practicality of using teaching materials. The data analysis technique uses the Aiken's V formula for validation tests, percentages for assessing gap tests. The characteristics of teaching materials that contain cultural ethnoscience based on understanding by design have the features "Our Culture!", "Let's Try!", and "Why is this?". "Our Culture!" contains articles and readings related to ethnoscience, to support the character of love for the country. The “Let's Try It!” contains experiments related to the material. The “Why is This?” contains questions about conceptual understanding, literacy and numeracy. With this question, it is hoped that students will better understand the concept and stimulate critical thinking. The teaching materials developed are valid, easy to understand, the hope is that they can improve literacy, numeracy and the character of patriotism higher than those using other teaching materials, and are practical/easy to use.