Overview of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Environmental Factors in Banjarnegera Regency

Abstract

Dengue Fever (DBD) is a contagious disease caused by the dengue virus and is transmitted through the bites of mosquitoes from the Aedes genus, specifically Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. There are three factors that can influence the occurrence of dengue fever: the agent, host, and environment. The agent of dengue fever is the dengue virus, the host is humans, and the environment consists of biotic and abiotic factors. According to data from the WHO, in 2015, there were 96 million cases of dengue fever reported from 128 tropical countries. In Banjarnegara Regency, in 2022, the number of dengue fever cases reached 479, an increase from the previous year, 2021, which had only 175 cases. The breeding of the dengue disease vector is closely related to climate change, suggesting that climate change can increase the risk of dengue transmission due to the rising population of dengue-carrying mosquitoes. This study aims to examine the description and pattern of relationships between independent variables, namely rainfall, wind speed, humidity, temperature, and sunshine duration, and the dependent variable, which is the incidence of dengue fever. This research will be conducted using a descriptive observational design. The study will observe the independent variables to illustrate the correlation trends between the independent and dependent variables through ecological studies. The results indicate a positive correlation trend between dengue fever incidence and rainfall, as well as a negative correlation trend between dengue fever incidence and sunshine duration. Meanwhile, the variables of wind speed, humidity, and temperature did not show any correlation with the incidence of dengue fever in Banjarnegara from 2018 to 2022. In conclusion, the variables that showed a correlation with the incidence of dengue fever in Banjarnegara were rainfall and sunshine duration.