Osteoarthritis Screening Based on Womac Index in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Aged ≤ 45 Years

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and systemic disease and involves joint damage including degradation of hyaline articular cartilage, ligaments, menisci in the knee. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) causes various changes in bone structure, which will increase the risk of OA. The purpose of this study was to conduct OA Screening in DM patients and provide information on OA risk factors in DM patients, especially aimed at preventing OA and DM, preventing further complications, and improving the quality of life of DM patients with OA. This study used a Cross-sectional design. The study population was DM patients aged ≤ 45 years who were recorded at the Kedungreja Health Center totaling 86 people and the Cipari Health Center totaling 67 people who were limited to the age of ≤ 45 years. The sample of this study was the entire population of 153 patients. The WOMAC Index was used to conduct OA screening in DM patients. The average pain score based on the WOMAC Index was 7.23. The average stiffness score based on the Womac Index was 3.65, and the average physical function impairment was 17.5 with an average total score based on the Womac index of 28.03. The results of the Spearman Rank Correlation Statistical Test showed that Age, BMI were related to the Pain Degree Score in DM patients aged ≥ 45 years. Dietary modification to prevent obesity, and intensive glycemic control should be performed and encouraged to delay the onset and severity of pain in OA.