Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioral Control as Predictors of Pregnant Women's Intention to Undergo HIV Testing

Abstract

HIV testing among pregnant women is an important preventive measure in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. This study aims to analyze the relationship between subjective norms and perceived behavioral control (PBC) with the intention of pregnant women to undergo HIV testing at the Kesugihan 2 Community Health Center (Puskesmas) in Cilacap Regency in 2024. This research employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample for this study consisted of 49 pregnant women. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged 20–35 years (93.9%), had a junior high school education (57.1%), and were in their third trimester of pregnancy (42.9%). A total of 83.7% of respondents had positive subjective norms, and 75.5% had a high level of PBC. A significant relationship was found between subjective norms and the intention to undergo HIV testing, as well as between PBC and intention. Pregnant women with positive subjective norms and high PBC levels were found to have a greater intention to undergo HIV testing. In conclusion, subjective norms and PBC are significant factors influencing the intention of pregnant women to undergo HIV testing. Interventions focused on education, strengthening social support, and improving access to health services are needed to reinforce women's intention to undergo HIV testing as a protective measure for themselves and their unborn children.