What Host City Needs to Prepare? A Literature Review on Conducting Sports Event

Abstract

Many scholars already mentioned that sports events have big positive impact. However, if the host city does not prepare properly, the positive impact of organizing sporting events cannot be achieved optimally. Even though the cost of organizing sporting events is not small and this burden the National and Regional Budgets a lot. This literature review is made to be a reference for the Government that wants to organize sporting events to pay attention to things that need to be prepared. This article uses 17 articles on organizing sporting events from the last ten years as data for analysis. Of all the articles reviewed, the authors found that there were several points that the host city had to prepare carefully so that sporting events could have the maximum impact, including improvement of city branding, impact on sponsorship companies, local economic development, positive media coverage, the social impact for local residents, social capital development on volunteers, improvement of public diplomacy, and athlete's development. It can be concluded that organizers need to work closely with local residents, as their opinion plays a very important role in the city's image. Local residents also have a role to convince international sports organizations to choose that country as the host country of sports events including how local residents promote their city will be a review for sports tourists before they come to sports events. Several things can be done to increase the positive impression of local residents, organizers must start improving the quality of infrastructure and public facilities. Furthermore, organizers need to build cooperation with local entrepreneurs and make local residents volunteer in sports events. This can create a positive impression that can increase local residents' trust and with this city image improvement, media exposure to sports events will also be good.