Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Ditinjau Dari Gender dan Self-Efficacy Matematika Siswa Dalam Mengerjakan Soal Framework PISA

Abstract

Abstrak.Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan dan pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam mengerjakan soal framework PISA Geometri khususnya bangun ruang sisi datar ditinjau dari gender dan self-efficacy. Soal-soal matematika framework PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) digunakan karena lebih dominan mengukur penalaran, pemecahan masalah, dan berargumentasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan Ex-Post Facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif artinya data penelitian ini mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis dan tingkat self-efficacy matematika siswa, sedangkan gender sudah jelas. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Ma’arif Kalibawang Kabupaten Kulon Progo yang berjumlah 76 siswa. Pengambilan sampel merujuk pada teori Rascoe dengan teknik simple random sampling berjumlah 34 siswa terdiri dari 17 laki-laki dan 17 perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket self-efficacy dan soal tes. Adapun soal tes framework PISA bersifat uraian sebanyak 2 soal digunakan untuk mengukur aspek kemampuan berpikir kritis meliputi elementary clarification, the basis for the decisions, Inference, advances clarification, dan set strategy, tactic, and reflection. Analisis data menggunakan two-way anova untuk menguji perbedaan antar variable menggunakan bantuan software SPPSS 21, sedangkan analisis jalur untuk mengkaji pola pengaruh antar variable kemampuan berpikir kritis, self-efficacy dan gender menggunakan regression linear analysis berbantuan software SPSS 21. Analisis hasil dan pembahasan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis ditinjau dari gender (jenis kelamin) dan tingkat self-efficacy matematika siswa baik tinggi, sedang maupun rendah; dan (2) ada pengaruh positif self-efficacy matematika siswa terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, sedangkan gender mempunyai pengaruh negative terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis.   

Abstract. The purpose of this research is to analyze the differences and the impact of critical thinking skills in working on the problem PISA Geometry framework in particular to build a flat side space in terms of gender and self-efficacy. The PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) framework mathematics questions are used because they are more dominant in measuring reasoning, problem-solving, and arguing. The research method used is Ex-Post Facto with a quantitative approach, meaning that the research data measures critical thinking skills and the level of students' mathematical self-efficacy, while gender is clear. The population in this study were all eighth-grade students of SMP Ma'arif Kalibawang, Kulon Progo Regency, totaling 76 students. Sampling refers to Rascoe's theory with a simple random sampling technique totaling 34 students consisting of 17 males and 17 females. Data collection techniques using self-efficacy questionnaires and test questions. The PISA framework test questions are descriptive as many as 2 questions are used to measure aspects of critical thinking skills including elementary clarification, the basis for the decisions, Inference, advanced clarification, and set strategy, tactics, and reflection. Data analysis used two-way ANOVA to test the differences between variables using SPSS 21 software, while path analysis to examine the pattern of influence between variables of critical thinking ability, self-efficacy and gender used regression linear analysis assisted by SPSS 21 software. Analysis of results and discussion on This study shows that: (1) there are differences in critical thinking skills in terms of gender (gender) and students' mathematics self-efficacy levels, both high, medium and low; and (2) there is a positive effect of students' mathematical self-efficacy on critical thinking skills, while gender has a negative influence on critical thinking skills. Keywords: critical thinking ability; gender; self-efficacy.