Determinasi kecepatan tendangan oleh sudut fleksi–ekstensi lutut pada atlet remaja pencak silat

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationship between knee flexion–extension angle (Range of Motion/ROM) and kicking speed in youth pencak silat athletes. Understanding the biomechanical mechanisms underlying kick performance is essential for improving training effectiveness, particularly during adolescence when neuromuscular development is highly adaptive. A correlational quantitative design was employed using two-dimensional (2D) video-based biomechanical analysis with KINOVEA software. Fifty athletes aged 13–18 years performed three types of kicks—front, roundhouse, and side kicks—while knee flexion, extension, ROM, and kicking speed were measured frame-by-frame. Results showed significant positive correlations between ROM and kicking speed across all techniques, with the strongest association in the front kick (r = 0.71, p < 0.001), followed by the roundhouse (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and side kick (r = 0.58, p = 0.001). Regression analysis indicated that ROM explained 50% of speed variance in the front kick, 41% in the roundhouse, and 34% in the side kick. These findings demonstrate that greater knee ROM enhances acceleration and energy transfer efficiency during kicking actions.This study highlights the importance of integrating flexibility and explosive-strength training into youth pencak silat programs and supports the use of 2D video analysis as an accessible tool for evidence-based performance evaluation.