A STUDY OF PANTUN ACCOMPANIMENT MUSICAL STRUCTURE IN JONGGAN PERFORMANCE ART AMONG DAYAK KANAYATN

Abstract

Jonggan is a popular performance art among Dayak Kanayatn in West Kalimantan. Jonggan performance art is a Dayak Kanayatn traditional art that has been passed down through generations. The form of Jonggan performance showcases a blend of music, dance, and entertaining pantun. With advanced rapid technologies, the role and presence of musicians in these performances have diminished. Recent Jonggan performances have undergone notable changes, including (1) dance movements, (2) costumes, (3) the presence of a whistle blower, and (4) the use of curtains. During 1960s and 1970s, Jonggan remained prevalent. Hence, from the 1980s to the present, Jonggan has become unknown, especially among millennials, and even it is performed, it has significant transformation. Recently, Jonggan is often referred as Jongset (Jonggan Kaset), indicating that it is performed using cassette recordings, thus losing the essence of traditional musical instruments. This shift raises the question, how is the musical structure of pantun accompaniment, including melody and rhythm, in Jonggan performance art? This study conducted a qualitative method with an ethnomusicological approach. Data was directly collected from recent Jonggan performances. Understanding the musical structure of pantun accompaniment will enhance the preservation and organization of traditional musical knowledge. Furthermore, Jonggan could evolve into a culturally based performance industry with economic benefits (creative economy). Comprehensive understanding of Jonggan will provide a guide to the Jonggan activities and the musical structure of pantun accompaniment.